Table 4 Correlations of internal and external political efficacy with relevant variables in the UK and German samples

 Extraversion

.28***

[.19, .36]

.16***

[.07, .25]

.30***

[.21, .38]

.12**

[.03, .21]

 Agreeableness

−.01

[− .10, .08]

.03

[− .06, .12]

.06

[− .03, .15]

.06

[− .03, .15]

 Conscientiousness

−.07

[− .16, .02]

−.21***

[− .30, − .12]

.15**

[.06, .23]

−.07

[− .16, .02]

 Emotional Stability

.20***

[.11, .29]

.12*

[.03, .20]

.26***

[.18, .34]

.07

[− .02, .16]

 Openness

.43***

[.36, .50]

.14**

[.05, .23]

.33***

[.25, .41]

.12*

[.03, .20]

General self-efficacy

.32***

[.24, .40]

.09

[− .00, .18]

.41***

[.33, .48]

.09*

[.00, .18]

 Internal

.25***

[.16, .33]

.22***

[.14, .31]

.17***

[.08, .25]

.01

[− .08, .10]

 External

.16***

[.07, .25]

.33***

[.25, .41]

−.07

[− .16, .02]

.09*

[.00, .18]

Optimism–pessimism

.20***

[.11, .28]

.13**

[.04, .22]

.22***

[.13, .30]

.13**

[.04, .21]

Interpersonal trust

.17***

[.08, .25]

.16***

[.08, .25]

.10*

[.01, .19]

.28***

[.20, .37]

Life satisfaction

.21***

[.12, .30]

.24***

[.16, .33]

.20***

[.11, .28]

.17***

[.08, .25]

Left–right self- placement

.01

[− .10, .12]

.28***

[.18, .38]

−.14**

[− .23, − .04]

−.16**

[− .25, − .06]

 Aggression

.05

[− .04, .14]

.24***

[.15, .32]

−.06

[− .15, .03]

−.05

[− .14, .04]

 Submissiveness

.07

[− .02, .16]

.45***

[.37, .52]

−.11*

[− .19, − .02]

.32***

[.23, .40]

 Conventionalism

−.07

[− .16, .02]

.32***

[.24, .40]

−.08

[− .17, .01]

.04

[− .05, .13]

 Victim

.05

[− .04, .14]

.05

[− .04, .14]

−.09*

[− .18, − .00]

−.11*

[− .20, − .02]

 Observer

.20***

[.11, .28]

.02

[− .07, .11]

.15**

[.06, .24]

.03

[− .06, .12]

 Offender

.19***

[.10, .27]

.16***

[.07, .24]

.06

[− .03, .15]

.03

[− .06, .12]

 Beneficiary

.24***

[.15, .32]

.28***

[.19, .36]

−.01

[− .10, .08]

.13**

[.04, .22]

 PQ+

.23***

[.15, .32]

.17***

[.08, .26]

.21***

[.13, .30]

−.02

[− .11, .07]

 NQ−

.19***

[.10, .27]

.38***

[.29, .45]

.00

[− .09, .09]

.13**

[.04, .21]

 Employment

.16**

[.06, .27]

.15**

[.04, .25]

.13*

[.01, .23]

.16**

[.05, .27]

 Income

.23***

[.14, .32]

.19***

[.10, .28]

.27***

[.18, .35]

.12*

[.02, .21]

 Educational attainment

.19***

[.10, .27]

.09

[− .00, .18]

.26***

[.17, .34]

.12**

[.03, .21]

 Age

−.04

[− .14, .05]

−.12*

[− .21, − .03]

.17***

[.08, .25]

−.19***

[− .27, − .10]

 Gender

−.18***

[− .27, − .09]

−.04

[− .14, .04]

−.20***

[− .28, − .11]

−.03

[− .12, .06]