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Fig. 1 | Measurement Instruments for the Social Sciences

Fig. 1

From: The Optimism–Pessimism Short Scale–2 (SOP2): a comprehensive validation of the English-language adaptation

Fig. 1

Measurement models of SOP2 with standardized coefficients and equalized factor loadings. The negatively worded item is reverse-scored. The coefficients of the German sample are presented after the double slash. NUK = 468, NDE = 474. A: Hierarchical two-factor measurement model. B: Hierarchical two-factor measurement model with wave-specific method factors. C: Unidimensional measurement model

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Measurement Instruments for the Social Sciences

ISSN: 2523-8930

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